Demographic Shift and Health Care Services for Ageing People in Nepal

Abstract

This paper analyses changing age structure in terms of aged society. using the data from the National Population and Housing Census 2021. It assesses the changing aged population through aging indices, support ratios, and life expectancy among different socio-economic groups. With increasing Nepal's life expectancy, driven by a shift observed in fertility and mortality rates, the proportion of the population aged 60 and above has increased from 5.8 percent in 1991 to 10.2 percent in 2021. This growth demands a crucial preparedness in the existing health care system, particularly addressing the rising health demands, long term care, geriatric wards with special care. Additionally, the increasing aged population has brought about not only the challenges but also provides opportunities. It warns policymakers to focus the situation on time. The rising out-migration of the working-age population on other hand further creates pressure to the household dynamics in Nepal which causes greater impacts on the healthcare of the older population, largely affecting the availability of essential geriatric care services. The findings further divulge differences in health outcomes mainly on gender, location, and socio-economic status. This suggests the need of a more equitable approach to healthcare provision dedicated to the ageing population. Recognizing the reality of the growing number of aged populations, this study suggests that the government can play a crucial rolefor improving the well-being of the aged population through music-based interventions. The music approach, whichis deeply rooted in traditional cultural values, is both effective and meaningful to enhance the integrated community health system. Converting the demographic challenges into opportunities for adaptability and sustainable development, Nepal can coordinate inclusive healthcare reforms with creative approaches that promote not only the healthy aging but also preserve our cultural music practices.