Impact of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet Treatment on the Physicochemical Properties of Surface Water
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v30i1.77349Keywords:
Cold atmospheric plasma jet (CAPJ), chemical properties, physical properties, physicochemical properties, plasma liquid interactionAbstract
Cold atmospheric plasma jet (CAPJ) is a rapidly emerging multidisciplinary research field that stands out for its chemical-free and eco-friendly characteristics. It has garnered notable interest in recent years owing to its vast potential applications across various domains. One of its intriguing applications is in the treatment of water. Plasma transforms water into an acidic environment, leading to alterations in several key properties, including redox potential, electrical conductivity, dissolved solids, pH, and turbidity. Water treated with plasma, due to its distinct chemical composition compared to regular water, offers a promising alternative for microbial disinfection. In this research, CAPJ is generated using high voltage power supply (5 kV, 20 kHz) at standard atmospheric conditions and room temperature in an argon environment. The discharge generated by this system is thoroughly characterized using electrical and optical methods. Water sample collected from tap and well are treated with cold plasma jet and their physiochemical properties have been characterized.
Downloads
References
Balcon, N., Aanesl, A., & Boswell, R. (2017). Pulsed RF discharges, glow and filamentary mode at atmospheric pressure in argon. Plasma Sources Science and Technology, 16(2), 217.
Baniya, H.B., Guragain, R.P., Panta, G.P., Dhungana, S., Chhetri, G.K., Joshi, U.M., Pandey, B.P., & Subedi, D.P. (2021). Experimental studies on physicochemical parameters of water samples before and after treatment with a cold atmospheric plasma jet and its optical characterization. Journal of Chemistry, 6638939.
Baniya, H.B., Guragain, R.P., Baniya, B., & Subedi, D.P. (2020). Experimental study of cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet and its application in the surface modification of polypropylene. Reviews of Adhesion and Adhesives, 8(2), 1-14, https://doi.org/10.7569/RAA.2020.097304.
Bardos, L., & Barankova, H. (2010), Cold atmospheric plasma: Sources, processes, and applications. Thin Solids Films, 23, 518, 6705-6713, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.07.044.
Bourke, P., Ziuzina, D., Doehm, D., Cullen, P.J., & Keener, K. (2018). The potential of cold plasma for safe and bourke sustainable food product. Trends in Biotechnology, 6(36), 615-626, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.11.001.
Braun, D., Kuchler, U., & Pietsch, G. (1988). Behaviour of NOX in air fed ozonisers. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 60, 741-746.
Bruggeman, P.J., Garrick, S.C., Kushner, M.J., Locke, B.R., Gardeniers, J.G.E., Fernandez Rivas, D., et al. (2016). Plasma–liquid interactions: a review and roadmap. Plasma Sources Science and Technology, 25(5), https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/25/5/053002.
Busco, G., Fasani, F., Dozias, S., Ridou, l., Douat, C., Pouvelse, J.-M., Robert, E., & Grillon, C. (2018). Changes in oxygen level upon cold plasma treatments: consequences for RONS production, IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences, 2(2) 147-152, https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2017.2775705.
Dayan, A., & Paine, A. (2001). Mechanisms of chromium toxicity, carcinogenicity and allergenicity: review of the literature from 1985 to 2000, Human & experimental Toxicology, 20(9), 439–451.
Dhali, S.K., & Sardja, I. (1991). Dielectric barrier discharge for processing of SO2/NOX. Journal of Applied Physics, 69, 6319-6324.
Dyas, A., Boughton, B.J., & Das B.C. (2012). Ozone killing action against bacterial and fungal species microbiological testing of a domestic ozone generator. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 36(10), 1102-1104.
Foster, J., Sommers, B., Gucker, S.N., Blankson, I., & Adamovsky, G. (2012). Perspectives on the interaction of plasmas with liquid water for water purification. IEEE Transactions Plasma Science, 40(5), 1311-1323, https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2011.2180028.
Hamdan, A., Liu, J., & Cha, M.S. (2018). Microwave plasma jet in water: characterization and feasibility to wastewater treatment. Plasma Chemical Plasma Process, 38, 1003–1020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11090-018-9918-y.
Hübner, U., Spahr, S., Lutze, H., Wieland, A., Rüting, S., Gernjak, W., & Wenk, J. (2024). Advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment - Guidance for systematic future research. Heliyon, 10(9), e30402.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30402.
Islam, M.R., Sarkar, M.K.I., Afrin, T., Rahman, S.S., Talukder, R.I., et al. (2016). A study on total dissolved solids and hardness level of drinking mineral water in Bangladesh. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 4(5), 164-169.
Kramida, Y., Ralchenko, J., Reader, & NIST ASD Team. (2018). NIST Atomic Spectra Database. Retrieved March 14, 2019 from https://physics.nist.gov/asd.
Lawaju, S., Tyata, R.B., Shrestha, T.K., Lamsal, R.P., & Parajuli, A. (2018). Comparative study of untreated and ozonated well water from Bhaktapur Municipality, Nepal. International Journal of Research in Environmental Science, 4(2), 42-49.
Maldonado, A.P., Schmidt, A., Lin, A., Weltmann, K.D., Wende, K., Bogaerts, A., & Bekeschus, S. (2019). ROS from physical plasmas: Redox chemistry for biomedical therapy. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 9062098, https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9062098.
Masood, M.U., Rashid, M., Haider, S., Naz, I., Pande, C.B., Heddam, S., Alshehri, F., Elkhrachy, I., Ahsan, A., & Sammen, S.S. (2024). Exploring groundwater quality assessment: A geostatistical and integrated water quality indices perspective. Water, 16(1), 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16010138.
Ohno, N., Razzak, M.A., Ukai, H., Takamura, S., & Uesugi, Y. (2006). Validity of electron temperature measurement by using Boltzmann plot method in radio frequency inductive discharge in the atmospheric pressure range. Plasma and Fusion Research, 1, 028.
Rezaei, F., Vanraes, P., Nikiforov, A., Morent, R., & De Geyter, N. (2019). Applications of plasma-liquids systems. Materials, 12(17), 69, https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12172751F.
Sailaja, V., Umamaheswari, P., kanderi, D.K., Reddy, P.K., & Rajoji, G. (2015). Physicochemical and microbiological analysis of municipality drinking water. International Journal of Current Research, 7(8), 19368-19372.
Sanchez, D., Herrera-Peraza, E., Navarro-Gomez, C., & Sanchez-Navarro, J.R. (2025). Assessing the potential of magnetic water treatment of groundwater for calcium carbonate scale mitigation in drinking water distribution networks. Water, 17(9), 1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17091265.
Shrestha, R., Pradhan, S.P., Guraguin, R.P., Subedi, D.P., & Panday, B.P. (2020). Investigating the effects of atmospheric pressure air DBD plasma on physio-chemical and microbial parameters of groundwater. Open Access Library Journal, 7(3), 1-13, https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1106144.
Subedi, D.P., Tyata, R.B., Khadgi, A., & Wong, C.S. (2012). Physicochemical and microbiological analysis of drinking water treated by using ozone. Sains Malaysiana, 41(6), 739-745.
Svarnas, P., Poupouzas, M., Papalexopoulou, K., Kalaitzopoulou, E., Skipitari, M., Papadea, P., Varemmenou, A., Giannakopoulos, E., Georgiou, C.D., Georga, S., & Krontiras, C. (2022). Water modification by cold plasma jet with respect to physical and chemical properties. Applied Sciences, 12(23), 11950. https://doi.org/10.3390/app122311950.
Tao, X., Lu, R., & Li, H. (2012). Electrical characteristics of dielectric-barrier discharges in atmospheric pressure air using a power-frequency voltage source. Plasma Science and Technology, 14(8), 723–727.
Thirumdas, R., Kothakota, A., Annapure, U., Siliveru, K., Blundell, R., Gatt, R., & Valdramidis, V.P. (2018). Plasma activated water (PAW): Chemistry, physico-chemical properties, applications in food and agriculture. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 77, 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.007.
Thouin, J., Benmouffok, M., Freton, P., & Gonzalez, J. (2023). Interpretation of temperature measurements by the Boltzmann plot method on spatially integrated plasma oxygen spectral lines. The European Physical Journal Applied Physics, 98, 65.
WHO. (1996). Guidelines for drinking-water quality, 2nd ed. Vol. 2. Health criteria and other supporting information. World Health Organization, Geneva.
Yin, Y., Xu, H., Zhu, Y., Zhuang, J., Ma, R., Cui, D., & Jiao, Z. (2023). Recent progress in applications of atmospheric pressure plasma for water organic contaminants’ degradation. Applied Sciences, 13(23), 12631. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132312631.
Zhang, H., Wu, Y., Sun, H., Yang, F., Rong, M., Jiang, F., Wang, C., & Huang, W. (2019). Application of calibration-free Boltzmann plot method for composition and pressure measurement in argon free-burning arcs. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, 39(6), 1429-1447.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Institute of Science and Technology, T.U.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The views and interpretations in this journal are those of the author(s). They are not attributable to the Institute of Science and Technology, T.U. and do not imply the expression of any opinion concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city, area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers of boundaries.
The copyright of the articles is held by the Institute of Science and Technology, T.U.
