Effect of Fluoride Varnish application on Primary Dentition among Preschool Children in Dharan: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Authors

  • Santosh Kumari Agrawal College of Dental Surgery, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
  • Ashish Shrestha College of Dental Surgery, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
  • Tarakant Bhagat College of Dental Surgery, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/jnapd.v3i1.50057

Keywords:

Dental caries, fluoride varnish, primary dentition, randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Introduction: Topical application of fluoride varnish on the tooth surface prevents the dissolution rates of tooth materials and increases the re-precipitation of lost minerals.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of fluoride varnish application in primary dentition among preschool children at high risk of dental caries.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with two parallel-group, comprising 3–5-year-old children, 100 in each group (Fluoride varnish or Placebo varnish). Dental caries were recorded at baseline, three- and six-month using Caries Assessment and Treatment Instrument (CAST) scoring system. Statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square test for categorical data, Mann-Whitney U test, independent t-test, and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test for quantitative data. The level of significance was set at p<0.05.

Results: Overall, dental caries progression from baseline to three months and six months was more in placebo varnish group children than fluoride varnish (38.98% and 31.3% respectively). The proportion of children with new caries lesions was more in placebo group than that in the fluoride varnish group at every three months interval. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). Fluoride varnish treatment once in six months had a better treatment effect with a preventive fraction of 62.1% in comparison to three months (59.0%).

Conclusions: Dental caries can be prevented effectively by the use of 5% sodium fluoride varnish. Fluoride varnish is efficacious when applied twice a year in children at high risk of dental caries.

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Author Biographies

Santosh Kumari Agrawal, College of Dental Surgery, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

Assistant Professor,

Department of Public Health Dentistry

Ashish Shrestha, College of Dental Surgery, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

Professor,

Department of Public Health Dentistry,

Tarakant Bhagat, College of Dental Surgery, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

Associate Professor,

Department of Public Health Dentistry

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Published

2022-12-12

How to Cite

Agrawal, S. K., Shrestha, A., & Bhagat, T. (2022). Effect of Fluoride Varnish application on Primary Dentition among Preschool Children in Dharan: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Nepalese Association of Pediatric Dentistry, 3(1), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.3126/jnapd.v3i1.50057

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Section

Original Articles