Functional outcome of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage after Conservative Management: A Retrospective Hospital-Based Study

Authors

  • Sunil Singh Department of Neurosurgery, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8031-3450
  • Prakash Kafle Department of Neurosurgery, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal
  • Pramod Kumar Chaudhary Department of Neurosurgery, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal
  • Dipak Kumar Yadav Department of Neurosurgery, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal
  • Narendera Prasad Joshi Department of Neurosurgery, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/mjen.v4i02.88431

Keywords:

Functional Outcome, Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), Prognostic Factors, Retrospective Study, Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Abstract

Background

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a critical neurological emergency with high mortality and morbidity. While conservative management is the primary treatment for most patients, functional outcomes are variable. This study assesses these outcomes and their predictors.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care center, including 75 adults with CT-confirmed spontaneous ICH managed conservatively. The primary outcome was functional status at discharge, measured by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).

Results

The mean age was 58.5 years. In-hospital mortality was 13.3%. A good recovery (GOS 5) was observed in 30.7% of patients. Older age and delayed presentation were significantly correlated with poorer GOS scores. Pontine hemorrhages were associated with the worst outcomes.

Conclusion

A significant proportion of patients achieved favorable outcomes with conservative management. Age, time to presentation, and hemorrhage location are critical prognostic factors, underscoring the importance of early and optimized medical care.

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Published

2025-12-29

How to Cite

Singh, S., Kafle, P., Chaudhary , P. K., Yadav, D. K., & Joshi, N. P. (2025). Functional outcome of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage after Conservative Management: A Retrospective Hospital-Based Study. Medical Journal of Eastern Nepal, 4(02), 32–36. https://doi.org/10.3126/mjen.v4i02.88431

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025)

Section

Original Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 B & C Medical College and Teaching Hospital and Research Centre

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