Assessment of Potentially Toxic Trace Elements in Agricultural Soils of Benighat area, Nepal

Abstract

Abstract

This study investigates the presence of potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs), including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and thallium (Tl), in agricultural soils of Benighat area, Dhading district, Nepal, using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP- MS). Eight soil samples (MK1–MK8) were collected from an approximately 140 m × 140 m agricultural area and analyzed, revealing significant contamination, particularly in sample MK4. This sample exhibited elevated concentrations of arsenic (34.946 ppm), cadmium (0.644 ppm), lead (41.652 ppm), and thallium (up to 47.5 ppm), often-exceeding international safety thresholds set by organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). These findings indicate serious risks to soil health, crop safety, and human health, potentially leading to conditions such as cancer, neurological disorders, and kidney damage. The study highlights the urgent need for regular soil monitoring, sustainable agricultural practices, and further research to identify contamination sources and develop effective remediation strategies to ensure the long-term productivity of Nepal’s agricultural lands and safeguard public health.