Red panda conservation and climate change in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve: Integrating community knowledge and land use change

Abstract

This study explores the perceptions of local people on climate change and red panda conservation in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve (DHR), Nepal, emphasizing the integration of conservation knowledge and land-use changes. Using GIS-based land-use change analysis, climate data assessment, and socio-ecological survey, the study evaluates habitat alterations from 2017 to 2023 and their implications for red panda population. Similarly, peoples’ perceptions on red panda conservation were assessed through interviews and focus group discussion in six villages within DHR. Habitat loss, decline in Nigalo (Himalayan bamboo) coverage, and increase in Nigalo flowering incidences were identified as major threats to red panda in the region. Anthropogenic disturbances, including livestock grazing, resource extraction and other human activities, further exacerbate these challenges. Findings indicate significant land-cover changes, such as reduced rangeland and snow-ice areas and increased tree cover and bare ground. Climate analysis reveals fluctuating rainfall trends across meteorological stations, with localized impacts on vegetation and habitat suitability. Results show limited awareness of conservation practices but a strong cultural connection with the species depicting the need of the community-based conservation approaches. The study underscores the importance of integrating local knowledge into conservation strategies to address threats like habitat fragmentation, climate change, and anthropogenic stressors.