Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Subjects attending General Health Checkup of a Tertiary Center of Kathmandu, Nepal

Abstract

Introduction
Metabolic syndrome is one of the major concerns of modern health causing morbidity and mortality. The metabolic syndrome is the constellation of metabolic disorders - insulin resistance; obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension that are interrelated which lead to higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke, atherosclerosis and serious health condition. The study focused on the prevalence of all the metabolic syndrome cases that came to general health checkup (GHC) of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital.

Methods
The study was a cross-sectional retrospective study of all cases that came to GHC from July 2019 to October 2019. GHC records files of all patients that came for their general health check-up were used to obtain data that included demographic details and the criteria for metabolic syndrome. Waist circumference, weight, height and blood investigations were sent as a routine examination of the general health checkup. Data analysis was done in Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS 20.

Results
Among 311 cases enrolled in our study, 99 (31.8%) met the revised National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria for metabolic syndrome. Among those with metabolic syndrome, males were 52 (52.53%) and females were 47 (47.47%). Also, 81 (81.81%) out of 99 cases had decreased HDL (<1.03 mmol/L for males and <1.30 mmol/L for females), which was the most common component of metabolic syndrome in the study.

Conclusion
Metabolic syndrome is present in almost one third of the studied apparently healthy patients coming for general health checkup and it emphasizes on awareness regarding screening for metabolic syndrome.