Epidemiological, clinical pattern and outcome of first wave of SARS-CoV-2 patients in Bagmati province of Nepal

Abstract

Background: The first wave of COVID 19 pandemic was among all age group with different presentations and outcome. This study done was to explore the social demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 patients in Bagmati province.

Methods: A retrospective study was done among the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients registered during the first wave in provincial Health Emergency Operation Center (PHEOC), Bagmati, Nepal. Data was collected from 14th April 2020 to 15th October 2020. Demographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidities, isolation centers and outcome of Bagmati province were analyzed and described.

Results: Among the 58916 cases; 37045 (62.87%) were male 21871 (37.12%) were female, 4434 (7.52%) cases were below 18 years while 54482 (92.47%) were of older than 18 years. Median age was 36.56 years (IQR 1 day to 108 years). There were 1507 (2.55%) cases having co morbidities while 57409 (97.44%) did not have. There were 48734 (82.71%) asymptomatic cases and 10182 (17.28%) symptomatic. There were cases having fever 2665 (26.17%), loss of taste 2130 (20.91%), loss of smell 2097 (20.59%), cough 1330 (13.06%) and common cold 895 (8.79%) with involvement of respiratory system, gastroenterology and central nervous system. Home and intuitional isolated cases were 55227 (93.73%) and 3689 (6.26%) respectively. Four hundred eighty-seven (6.04%) had travel history within 15 days and 242 (0.41%) died.

Conclusions: In the first wave of the COVID pandemic, most cases were asymptomatic while systemic involvement of CNS; respiratory, gastrointestinal symptoms were common presentation. Mostly patient remained in home isolation, few cases had co morbidity and had good outcome in total.