The Italian Implemented De-escalating Aggressive Behavior Scale (IIDABS): Development and Validation of a Comprehensive De-escalation Assessment Tool

Abstract

Introduction: Workplace aggression and violence are significant psychosocial risks. While de-escalation is a critical skill for prevention, there has been a lack of objective, quantitative assessment tools. Building on the original German DABS and its English version, the EMDABS, which focused on verbal de-escalation skills, this study aims to validate the Italian Implemented De-escalating Aggressive Behavior Scale (IIDABS). A key innovation is the addition of an item on non-verbal language, making it a more complete measure.

Methods: The study involved a convenience sample of 73 workers from the Veterinary Department of the University of Pisa. The effectiveness of a conflict management training program was assessed using the IIDABS. Three independent, trained raters measured participants' skills during role-playing scenarios before and after the training.

Results: The IIDABS demonstrated strong psychometric properties, with excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC) and an internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of 0.951. The "non-verbal language" item had a strong ICC of 0.733. A comparison of pre- and post-training scores showed a statistically significant improvement in all evaluated skills, confirming the training program's effectiveness.

Conclusions: This study provides a validated and objective Italian tool for the quantitative assessment of de-escalation skills. The inclusion of the non-verbal language item strengthens the scale, making it a valuable instrument for evaluating training programs and improving worker safety.