Buddhism, Tourism, & Hospitality in Lumbini

Abstract

This research examines the interrelationship among Buddhism, tourism, and hospitality in Nepal, with a particular focus on the monasteries in Lumbini. Buddhism is a religion (dharma) that is practiced worldwide. Lumbini, the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, is one of the most important Buddhist pilgrimage destinations in Nepal. It attracts tourists, pilgrims, researchers, and spiritual aspirants from diverse cultures and backgrounds. The rapid increase in pilgrimage tourism in Lumbini has intensified the significance of monasteries not only as religious institutions but also as hospitality service providers for pilgrims and other visitors arriving from all over the world. Buddhist hospitality is the practice of respecting guests that reflects core Buddhist teachings and moral values such as generosity (dāna), compassion (karuṇā), loving-kindness (mettā), non-violence (ahiṃsā), and mindfulness (sati). Furthermore, the researchers shed light on the concept of trialectics, which is a newer approach in Buddhism, tourism, and hospitality studies. The objective of this study is to understand the connection among three domains: Buddhism, hospitality and tourism. This study follows a qualitative approach. The primary and secondary data were collected and interviewed among five monks representing various monasteries in Lumbini. The findings conclude that Buddhist hospitality serves as a key element of pilgrimage tourism in Lumbini. It strengthens the relationship between religious practice and visitor experience. It is a value-oriented activity that highlights social, moral, and spiritual values, which is deeply rooted in the core Buddhist principles and practice of life, rather than a commercial activity.