Impact of Tooth Loss on Oral Health Related Quality of Life among Geriatric Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Center of Koshi Province

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of chronic diseases such as dental caries and periodontal diseases is higher and the risk of tooth loss is also higher among geriatric patients. The loss of teeth has a negative impact on an individual resulting in functional, psychological and social limitations affecting the quality of life. This study was conducted to assess the impact of tooth loss on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 131 geriatric patients with at least one missing tooth and seeking dental care in a tertiary care center of province one. The Nepali version of Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was used to assess the impact of tooth loss on oral health related quality of life. Descriptive statistics along with independent t-test and ANOVA were applied. Statistical significance was set as p < 0.05.

Results: The mean (± SD) GOHAI score of the participants was 44.27 (± 8.31). Severity of tooth loss, self-rated oral health and mobility of teeth had significant impact on oral health related quality of life. The majority of study participants perceived their dental health was good, despite their low GOHAI score.

Conclusion: The study showed a relationship between tooth loss and a reduced oral health-related quality of life in geriatric patients. Tooth loss within the oral cavity causes functional limitations and discomfort.