Genetic Diversity of Nepalese Indigenous Cattle Breeds Based on D-Loop Mitochondrial DNA

Authors

  • Neena Amatya Gorkhali National Animal Breeding and Genetics Research Centre Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur, Nepal
  • Chhiring Sherpa National Animal Breeding and Genetics Research Centre Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur, Nepal
  • Aashish Dhakal Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Chitwan, Nepal
  • Sanjay Dhungana Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan, Nepal
  • Saroj Sapkota National Animal Breeding and Genetics Research Centre Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur, Nepal
  • Prashanna Koirala National Animal Breeding and Genetics Research Centre Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur, Nepal
  • Bhoj Raj Pokhrel National Animal Breeding and Genetics Research Centre Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur, Nepal
  • Manaraj Kolachhapati Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Chitwan, Nepal 3 Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan, Nepal
  • Nirajan Bhattarai Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan, Nepal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/njst.v20i1.39440

Keywords:

Ancestral, bos indicus, bos indicu, haplogroups

Abstract

Nepalese cattle are known for their genetic potentiality concerning inhabitant in extreme climatic conditions, surviving in the scarce food supply, and resistant to several diseases. We aimed to assess Nepal’s ancestral origin and genetic diversity of indigenous cattle breeds based on hyper-variable D loop mtDNA sequences. Three cattle breeds (Siri, Achammi, & Lulu) comprising the total sample population (n= 75) were employed in the study where the mt DNA information of two breeds (Achammi & Lulu) were retrieved from the published source. Hyper-variable D loop (910bp) of Siri cattle was PCR amplified and sequenced. This study claims that the possible ancestral origin of Bos taurus and Bos indicus mtDNA lineage in the Nepalese cattle population is majorly influenced by China and India, respectively. This study suggests that Nepalese cattle can be divided into two major groups: Bos taurus and Bos indicus, where most of the cattle population was of Bos indicus origin. The sampled population can be classified into three significant haplogroups: T3 (25%), I1 (48%), and I2 (27%) revealing a higher genetic diversity among the Nepalese cattle population. Only T3 taurine haplogroup was found in the sampled population. It was consistent with the fact that the absence of T1 haplogroup in North-East Asian cattle. In terms of Bos indicus, the I1 haplogroup was dominant over I2. Higher genetic diversity can be appropriate reasoning for Nepalese cattle’s survival in a harsh environment and low food conditions.

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Published

2021-10-10

How to Cite

Gorkhali, N. A. ., Sherpa, C. ., Dhakal, A. ., Dhungana, S. ., Sapkota, S. ., Koirala, P. ., Pokhrel, B. R. ., Kolachhapati , M. ., & Bhattarai , N. . (2021). Genetic Diversity of Nepalese Indigenous Cattle Breeds Based on D-Loop Mitochondrial DNA. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology, 19(2), 103–108. https://doi.org/10.3126/njst.v20i1.39440

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Articles