Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy and its correlation with fetomaternal outcome in a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Aims: To study thrombocytopenia in pregnancy and its correlation with fetomaternal outcome in a tertiary care centre.

Methods: Observational descriptive study conducted in Medical College Kolkata from 1 st January 2019 to 30 th June 2020 taking pregnant women having platelet count less than 1,50,000/L.

Results: Total 70 cases with mild, moderate and severe thrombocytopenia were seen in 77.1%, 8.6% and 14.3% patients respectively. Gestational thrombocytopenia was the most common cause (58.6%) followed by Pre-eclampsia (21.4%) and ITP (5.7%). Vaginal delivery was the preferred route of delivery (65.7%). Treatment (platelet transfusion/ IVIG / steroids) was required only in 11.42% cases. Maternal complications were postpartum haemorrhage (20%), episiotomy site hematoma (9.8%), placental abruption (8.6% ) and rectus sheath hematoma (4.5%); and there was no maternal mortality. Fetal outcomes were low birth weight (18.6%), IUGR (14.3%), IUFD (1.4%). Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes (13.2%), neonatal thrombocytopenia (1.5%) and ICU admission (19.1%). Early Neonatal death was seen in 2.9% babies.

Conclusions: One-third of cases had hemorrhagic complication and one in ten cases received specific medical treatment for thrombocytopenia.

Keywords: fetal, maternal, outcome, thrombocytopenia