Association of tobacco and alcohol consumption with hypertension among Hindu priests in Central India

Abstract

Background: Alcohol and tobacco use are among the major risk factors for causing hypertension in the adult population globally as well as in India. India being a religious country harbor’s large number of Hindu temples which are conventionally managed by a dedicated population of Hindu priests. The prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use in this special population of priests in India is not well established along with the associated risk of hypertension.

Aims and Objectives: First, to study the pattern of use of habit-forming substances; tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis derivatives among priests in central India. Second, to find the relationship between the use of tobacco smoking, chewing, and alcohol with hypertension.

Materials and Methods: The current study is a cross-sectional survey on Hindu priests of registered temples of a Pilgrimage city in Central India. The study utilizes a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire for interviewing 440 study participants. It included a sociodemographic profile, history of use of habit-forming substances, the presence of known hypertension, and measurement of blood pressure.

Results: Out of 440 study participants; 280 (63.6%) were currently using habit-forming substances, whereas 160 (36.4%) number of participants had never used it. The current study found the prevalence of hypertension to be 31.9%. A statistically significant relationship of hypertension with the use of alcohol (χ2=44.2), tobacco chewing (χ2=106.1), and smoking (χ2=74.3) was found.

Conclusion: The current study concludes that the use of Habit-forming substances, especially alcohol, tobacco chewing, and smoking, are prevalent among priests which are known risk factors for hypertension in the general population. Hence all screening/interventions applicable for these risk factors should be applied to this special population of priests.