The intricate histopathological spectrum of salivary gland neoplasms in a tertiary care center in Vindhya region (Rewa, Satna, Sidhi, Maihar, Singrauli, Sahdol and Panna Districts of Madhya Pradesh, India)

Abstract

Background: Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) globally account for <2% of all tumors, with an annual incidence ranging from 0.4 to 13.5/100,000 persons. However, there is a notable dearth of information on SGTs in India, prompting this study to explore the histological spectrum in the Vindhya region.

Aims and Objectives: The primary goal is to determine the epidemiological patterns of distinct SGTs in the Vidhya Region through a meticulous examination of histological characteristics. Comparative analysis with existing literature aims to enhance insights into these rare tumors.

Materials and Methods: Ninety-one SGT biopsies from Shyam Shah Medical College underwent comprehensive scrutiny over a five-year period. Patient-specific data, including age, sex, and location, were collected. The histopathological examination involved formalin fixation, paraffin sections, and staining, with the occasional use of specialized stains for comprehensive categorization based on microscopic examination.

Results: Out of 91 cases, 39.56% were malignant, and 60.44% were benign. The parotid gland exhibited the highest incidence, with pleomorphic adenoma (PA) as the most common benign tumor. Notably, in our study, adenoid cystic carcinoma surpassed mucoepidermoid carcinoma as the most frequent malignant tumor.

Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the patterns of occurrence of SGTs in the Vindhya region, highlighting the significance of further research in this underexplored field. Notably, PA, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma are prominently reported, with a notable male predominance.