Impact of body mass index on critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital : a retrospective observational study

Authors

  • Savita Gupta Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Gautam Buddha Nagar U.P. - 201310, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3104-7368
  • Varun Goel Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Gautam Buddha Nagar U.P. - 201310, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9194-727X
  • Nazia Nazir Associate Professor and Head, Department of Anaesthesia, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, UP 201310 , India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-2111
  • Saurabh Srivastava Professor and Head, Department of Medicine, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Gautam Buddha Nagar U.P. - 201310, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-8856
  • Anurag Srivastava Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Gautam Buddha Nagar U.P. - 201310, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7894-2976

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v13i1.41396

Keywords:

Body mass index, COVID-19, Hospitalization, Obesity, Mortality, Pandemic

Abstract

Background: Increased body mass index (BMI) is a known risk factor for respiratory infection and is being recognized as a predisposing factor in the COVID‐19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2.

Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between different body mass index categories with severe COVID-19 patients leading to death.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study of six months included the laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to an ICU of a tertiary care academic health care organization. The medical records were reviewed at least 14 days after admission. 

Results: 484 patients were included, and BMI data were available for 306 patients. 40.19% had a normal weight, 26.79% were overweight, 17.97% had BMI 30-34.9 Kg/m2 and 15.03% had BMI ≥ 35 Kg/m2. Overall, 58 patients (18.95%) died within 14 days of ICU admission, 50.98% were discharged alive or referred from the hospital within 14 days, and 30.06% remained hospitalized at 14 days. After controlling for all covariates, there was a significantly increased risk of mortality in the patients with obesity class I (RR 2.03, 95% CI 1.07-3.85, P = 0.030) and patients with obesity class II & III (RR 2.83, 95% CI 1.54–5.22, P <0.001) compared with those with normal BMI.

Conclusions: Obesity was associated with an unfavorable outcome among patients with COVID-19. Patients with obesity should be more closely monitored when hospitalized for COVID-19 as there is increasing evidence of relation of severity of COVID-19 and obesity which appears to be a factor in the health risks.

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Published

2022-01-01

How to Cite

Gupta, S., Goel, V., Nazir, N., Srivastava, S., & Srivastava, A. (2022). Impact of body mass index on critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital : a retrospective observational study. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 13(1), 3–7. https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v13i1.41396

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022)

Section

Original Articles

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Copyright (c) 2021 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences

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