Burden of multidrug resistant respiratory pathogens in intensive care units of tertiary care hospital

Authors

  • Dharm Raj Bhatta Department of Microbiology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
  • Deependra Hamal Department of Microbiology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
  • Rajani Shrestha Department of Microbiology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
  • Supram HS Department of Microbiology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
  • Pushpanjali Joshi Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
  • Niranjan Nayak Department of Microbiology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
  • Shishir Gokhale Department of Microbiology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v10i2.21098

Keywords:

ICU, Drug resistance, Carbapenamase, MBL, KPC, Tigecycline

Abstract

Background: Lower respiratory tract infections are one of the most common infections among the patients in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Admission in ICUs and use of life supporting devices increase the risk of infection with multidrug resistant pathogens.

Aims and Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiograms ofthe bacterial pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infectionsamong patients of ICUs.

Materials and Methods: A total of 184 specimens from patients admitted in ICUswith lower respiratory tract infections were included in this study. Isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by standard microbiological techniques. Carbapenamase detection was performed by modified Hodge test method.Detection of metallo beta lactamase (MBL) was tested by imipenem and imipenem/EDTA disc. Detection of Klebsiellapneumoniaecarbapenamase (KPC) was performed by imipenem and imipenem/phenyl boronic acid.

Results: Out of 184 samples, 131 showed significant growth of bacterial pathogens. Acinetobacter species (42.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (16.9%) and Pseudomonasaeruginosa(13.9%)were the three most common isolates. Out of 22 imipenem resistant isolates of Acientobacter species, 9 were KPC producer, 4 were MBL producers and 3 isolates were positive for MBL and KPC both. Among the Acinetobacter species, 5.1% isolates were resistant to tigecycline and colistin. One isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was positive for MBL.

Conclusions:High prevalence of multidrug resistant bacteria in ICUs was recorded. Gram negative bacilli were predominantly associated with LRTI among ICU patients;Acinetobacterspecies being most common isolate. Detection of carbapenamase among the Acinetobacterand emergence of tigecycline resistancelimits the therapeutic options.Regular monitoring of such resistant isolates would be important for managing infection control in critical units.

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Published

2019-03-01

How to Cite

Bhatta, D. R., Hamal, D., Shrestha, R., HS, S., Joshi, P., Nayak, N., & Gokhale, S. (2019). Burden of multidrug resistant respiratory pathogens in intensive care units of tertiary care hospital. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(2), 14–19. https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v10i2.21098

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019)

Section

Original Articles

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